LINCOLN  ROOM 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 
LIBRARY 


the  Class  of  1901 

founded  by 

HARLAN  HOYT  HORNER 

and 
HENRIETTA  CALHOUN  HORNER 


We  take  pleasure  in  handing  you  herewith  a  copy  of  a 
book  we  have  caused  to  be  compiled  and  published  on  the 
Borglum  statue  of  Lincoln,  a  gift  to  the  City  of  Newark, 
New  Jersey,  from  Mr.  Amos  H.  Van  Horn. 

We  published  this  book  as  a  modest  token  of  our  appre- 
ciation of  Mr.  Van  Horn's  wise  generosity  toward  our  city. 
While  the  book  was  going  through  the  press  we  decided 
to  limit  the  number  of  copies  to  200,  and  to  print  of  it  no 
other  edition. 

We  mention  this  because  the  preface  suggests  other 
plans. 

RALPH  E.  LUM, 
JOHN  MARTENIS, 
GEORGE  W.  WIRE, 

Trustees  of  the  Estate 
of  Amos  H.  Van  Horn. 


THE  NEWARK  LINCOLN 


THE  NEWARK  LINCOLN 

A  MEMORIAL 


THE  FREE  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 

FOR  THE  TRUSTEES  OF  THE  VAN  HORN  TRUST 

NEWARK,  NEW  JERSEY 

1912 


CONTENTS 

Page 

List  of  Illustrations vli 

Preface  ix 

Order  of  Ceremonies xi 

Trustees  and  Officials xiii 

Lincoln  Post,  No.  11  Officers xiv 

Note  of  Explanation 1 

Amos.  H.  Van  Horn,  sketch  from  the  "Newark 

Sunday  Call"  5 

Extracts  from  Mr.  Van  Horn's  Will 11 

Remarks  of  Mr.  Lum 15 

Chancellor  Pitney's  Address, 17 

Ex-President  Roosevelt's  Address 23 

Mayor  Haussling's  Remarks 35 

O  Captain!  My  Captain!  by  Walt  Whitman 37 

Autobiography  of  Abraham  Lincoln 41 

Abraham  Lincoln,  by  Richard  Henry  Stoddard 44 

To  the  Memory  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  by  William 

Cullen  Bryant  45 

Abraham  Lincoln,  by  Tom  Taylor 46 

The  Unfinished  Work,  by  Joseph  Fulford  Folsom.  50 

The  Lincoln  Statue,  by  W.  F.  Collins 51 

Abraham  Lincoln,  by  Goldwin  Smith 52 

Lincoln's  Character,  by  Gutzon  Borglum 54 

The  Beauty  of  Lincoln,  by  Gutzon  Borglum 57 

Chronology  of  Lincoln's  Life 59 

v 


The  illustrations  facing  pages  iii,  xvi,  8,  16,  24,  36, 
and  44  are  of  the  Newark  Lincoln;  the  one  facing 
page  54  is  St.  Gaudens'  Lincoln  Statute  erected  in 
Chicago. 


PREFACE 

This  book  includes  brief  notes  on  Mr.  Amos  H. 
Van  Horn,  the  donor  of  the  Lincoln  Monument;  on 
Abraham  Lincoln;  on  Gutzon  Borglum  the  Sculptor, 
most  of  the  remarks  made  at  the  time  of  the  unveil- 
ing, and  a  few  reproductions  of  photographs  of  the 
statue  and  of  other  busts  and  statues  of  Lincoln. 

The  facts  herein  set  forth,  the  illustrations  and 
the  good  words  spoken  at  the  unveiling  ceremonies 
will  be,  so  the  Trustees  of  the  Van  Horn  Trust 
believe,  desired  by  many  beside  those  immediately 
concerned  in  the  monument's  creation  and  unveil- 
ing; and  particularly  will  it  be  welcomed  by  the 
young  people  of  the  city  and  their  teachers.  The 
story  of  Lincoln  can  not  be  too  often  brought  to 
the  attention  of  our  future  citizens.  There  has  been 
prepared,  therefore,  an  inexpensive  edition  of  the 
book  which  will  be  sold  at  cost  to  all  who  wish 
to  obtain  it.  It  is  hoped  that  it  will  have  a  wide 
circulation,  that  it  will  find  a  place  in  many  Newark 
homes  and  especially  that  it  will  be  often  in  the 
hands  of  the  children  in  our  schools  who  may  well 
use  portions  of  it  now  and  then  as  a  lesson  in  read- 
ing. 

ix 


PREFACE 

The  problem  of  the  publication  of  this  inexpen- 
sive edition  presented  some  difficulties,  which  have 
been  happily  solved  by  the  offer  of  the  Trustees  of 
the  Free  Public  Library  to  permit  it  to  appear  with 
the  Library's  imprint. 

For  those  who  were  especially  interested  in  this 
noble  memorial  to  America's  first  citizen  and  as  a 
reminder  of  the  pleasure  they  had  in  watching  its 
development  and  in  working  together  to  secure  for 
it  the  best  setting  the  city  could  offer,  and  for  a  few 
public  institutions  in  and  out  of  New  Jersey,  a 
special  edition  of  200  copies  has  been  published  and 
distributed  as  a  gift  from  the  Van  Horn  Trust. 

J.  C.  DANA. 

Aug.,  1912. 


ORDER  OF  THE  CEREMONIES 

From,  the  Programme 

In  the  absence  of  Hon.  James  E.  Howell,  Mr.  Ralph  E.  Lum, 
presided. 

Music Star  Spangled  Banner 

Invocation Rev.  Win.  H.  Morgan,  D.  D. 

Unveiling  of  Statue Ralph  E.  Lum 

Dedication  and  Presentation  of  Statue  to  Lincoln  Post  No.  11, 
Department  of  New  Jersey,  G.A.R. 

Hon.  Mahlon  Pitney 
Chancellor  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey 

Acceptance  of  the  Statue,  and  Its  Presentation  to  the  Mayor 
and  Common  Council  of  the  City  of  Newark  for  Perpetual 

Care-  Hon.  Theodore  Roosevelt 

Ex-President  of  the   United  States 

Acceptance  of  the  Statue  on  Behalf  of  the  City  of  Newark 

Hon.  Jacob  Haussling 
Mayor  of  the  City  of  Newark 

Music Marching  Through   Georgia 

Benediction Rt.  Rev.  Edwin  S.  Lines,  D.  D. 

Bishop  of  the  Diocese  of  Newark 

Music America 

xi 


TRUSTEES  AND  OFFICIALS 

From  the  Programme 

Trustees  of  Estate  of  Amos  H.  Van  Horn 

Ralph  E.  Lum  John  Martenis 

George  W.  Wire 

Monument  Committee 
Hon.  James  E.  Howell  John  Cotton  Dana 

Joseph  G.  Spurr 

Sculptor 
Gutzon  Borglum 

Shade  Tree  Commission  for  1909 

James  A.  Berry  James  S.  Higbie 

John  H.  Ely 

Shade  Tree  Commission  for  1910-1911 

James  A.  Berry 

George  B.  Astley  Bernard  M.  Shanley,  Jr. 

Carl  Bannwart,  Secretary 

Lincoln  Post  Committee 
De  Forest  P.  Lozier,  Chairman 

James  C.  Taylor,  Sec'y  Abraham  Jenkinson 

Frederick  K.  Scholl  John  Connolly 

Radcliff  P.  Miller  Uriah  Seely 

James  R.  Mulliken  E.  L.  Conklin 

xiii 


LINCOLN  POST,  No.  11 

DEPARTMENT  OF  NEW  JERSEY,  G.A.R. 

Commander  Quartermaster 

Edwin  B.  Smith  Wm.  H.  Jeroleman 

Senior  V.  C.  Officer  of  the  Day 

Albert  F.  Sharp  George  Healy 

Junior  V.  O.  Officer  of  the  Guard 

John  Van  Duyne  David  M.  Harris 

Surgeon  Sergeant-Major 

Hugh  P.  Roden,  M.  D.        De  Forest  P.  Lozier 

Chaplain  Q.  M.  Sergeant 

William  H.  MacDonald       John  Connolly 

Adjutant     Theo  W.  Alston 


NOTE  OF  EXPLANATION 

From  the  Programme  of  the  Unveiling  Ceremonies. 

THE  statue  was  unveiled  May  30,  1911.  It  is  the 
tribute  of  a  large-hearted  citizen  of  Newark  to  a 
man  whom  many  look  upon  as  the  greatest  Ameri- 
can. It  is  the  gift  of  Amos  H.  Van  Horn,  who  died 
on  December  26,  1908,  in  his  will  setting  aside 
$25,000  for  a  memorial  to  Abraham  Lincoln,  to  be 
erected  in  the  City  of  Newark,  and  to  be  dedicated 
in  memory  of  Lincoln  Post. 

The  site  was  selected  in  accordance  with  a  sug- 
gestion in  his  will,  and  also  in  accordance  with  a 
wish  he  expressed  to  his  intimate  friends.  All  else 
he  left  to  the  discretion  of  his  executors,  Messrs. 
Ralph  E.  Lum,  John  Martenis  and  George  W.  Wire. 
They  chose  as  a  Monument  Committee  three  men 
of  high  standing  in  the  community,  qualified  by  their 
knowledge  of  art  for  the  special  service  they  were 
called  upon  to  render.  They  were  Vice  Chancellor 
James  E.  Howell,  John  Cotton  Dana  and  Joseph  G. 
Spun*. 

After  an  exhaustive  review  of  the  country's  monu- 
mental work,  Mr.  Gutzon  Borglum  was  asked  to  sub- 
mit a  model.  This  was  immediately  approved  by 
the  Monument  Committee,  by  the  executors  and  by 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

the  Newark  Shade  Tree  Commission,  and  has  been 
faithfully  followed  in  the  finished  work. 

The  dedication  ceremonies  were  dual,  and  unique. 
Chancellor  Pitney,  for  the  trustees  of  the  monument 
fund,  presented  the  statue  to  Lincoln  Post.  Colonel 
Roosevelt  received,  on  behalf  of  the  Post,  a  deed 
from  Mr.  Lum,  conveying  the  gift.  This  deed,  en- 
grossed on  parchment,  was  assigned  to  the  City  of 
Newark  by  Colonel  Roosevelt,  and  was  presented  to 
Mayor  Haussling  by  De  Forest  P.  Lozier,  chairman 
of  the  committee  in  charge  of  the  unveiling  arrange- 
ments for  the  Post.  The  other  members  of  this  com- 
mittee were  James  C.  Taylor,  secretary;  James  R. 
Mulliken,  E.  L.  Conklin,  Uriah  Seely,  Frederick  K. 
Scholl,  R.  P.  Miller,  Abraham  Jenkinson  and  John 
Connolly. 

A  statue  must  speak  for  itself.  It  may  be  said, 
however,  that  Mr.  Borglum's  presentation  of  his  sub- 
ject is  unique.  "I  am  now  in  the  Garden  of  Geth- 
semane,"  wrote  Lincoln  in  one  of  the  darkest  hours 
of  the  great  war  struggle,  and  in  that  hour  the 
sculptor  has  found  him.  Mr.  Borglum  has  written  of 
"The  Beauty  of  Lincoln,"  setting  forth  his  concep- 
tion of  the  man  as  he  was. 

"You  will  find  written  on  his  face  literally,"  he 
says,  "all  the  complexity  of  his  great  nature — a  na- 
ture seeing  at  once  the  humor  and  the  pathos  of  each 
situation  as  it  presents  itself  to  him.  He  was  more 
[2] 


NOTE    OF    EXPLANATION. 

deeply  rooted  in  the  home  principles  that  are  keep- 
ing us  together  than  any  man  who  was  ever  asked 
to  make  his  heartbeat  national — the  first  great  hu- 
man return  from  the  West." 

The  honor  of  presenting  the  Lincoln  Memorial  to 
the  City  of  Newark  fell  to  the  veterans  of  Lincoln 
Post.  The  gift  of  their  loyal  brother  was  theirs  to 
bestow.  He  was  a  charter  member  of  their  hon- 
ored organization,  unfailing  in  his  devotion  to  its 
welfare,  and  he  leaves  to  them,  and  to  those  who 
shall  come  after  them,  an  enduring  reminder  that 
the  love  of  brother  for  brother  and  the  love  of 
patriot  for  country  are  stronger  far  than  death. 


AMOS  H.  VAN  HORN 

From    the    "Newark    Sunday    Call,"    Dec.    27,    1908. 

THERE  were  few  more  widely  known  business 
men  in  Newark  or  Essex  County  than  Amos  H. 
Van  Horn.  For  forty-eight  years  he  had  been  engaged 
here  in  the  furniture  business  in  one  form  or  another, 
and  he  was  the  only  man  left  of  all  those  who  began 
business  in  Market  street,  between  Washington  and 
High  streets,  several  decades  ago.  After  hard  strug- 
gles he  prospered  and  made  real  estate  investments. 
Though  the  exact  value  of  his  holdings  is  unknown, 
it  was  said  yesterday  that  an  inventory  of  his  estate 
will  show  realty  aggregating  more  than  $500,000.  It 
was  also  said  that  his  personal  estate  will  be  com- 
paratively insignificant. 

The  reasons  given  for  the  latter  fact  are  that  dur- 
ing the  last  few  years,  and  particularly  since  the 
death  of  his  wife  a  year  ago,  Mr.  Van  Horn  had  fre- 
quently given  away  unusually  large  sums  for  charit- 
able purposes.  He  did  this  so  unostentatiously  that 
it  was  said  that  "his  left  hand  knew  not  what  his 
right  hand  gave."  To  institutions  of  a  deserving  char- 
acter, to  old  but  not  prosperous  friends  and  to  needy 
comrades  of  his  soldier  days  of  the  Civil  War  he 
gave  money  or  other  of  his  worldly  goods.  Little,  if 
[5] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

any,  of  this  giving,  however,  was  done  in  his  name. 
It  was  done  anonymously,  his  contribution  being  sent 
to  any  given  institution  or  individual  through  some 
third  person  who  was  in  his  confidence. 

From  the  beginning  of  his  business  career  Mr.  Van 
Horn  was  on  friendly  social  terms  with  all  his  em- 
ployees. He  always  had  a  cheery  "Good  morning" 
for  everyone  at  the  beginning  of  each  day  of  business, 
and  men  who  have  been  in  his  employ  yesterday 
mourned  his  death  as  they  would  that  of  a  member 
of  their  own  family.  Some  of  them  had  been  closely 

associated  with  him  for  from  fifteen  to  thirty  years. 
*     *     * 

Amos  Hoagland  Van  Horn  was  born  in  Warren 
County,  New  Jersey,  on  November  26,  1840,  the  son 
of  George  and  Mary  Hull  Van  Horn.  His  father,  who 
was  proprietor  of  a  general  store  at  Danville,  had 
nine  children,  of  whom  Amos  was  the  second.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Danville,  and 
received  his  earliest  business  training  in  his  father's 
store.  In  1855  the  family  moved  to  Newark,  but 
financial  trouble  in  the  panic  of  the  following  year 
caused  the  boy  to  go  back  to  Danville  for  employ- 
ment. Mr.  Van  Horn  returned  to  Newark  a  few 
months  later,  but  was  taken  ill,  and  for  nearly  two 
years  was  unfit  for  any  work. 

Upon  his  recovery  in  1860,  he  started  his  commer- 
cial career  on  a  capital  of  $5,  which  he  borrowed  from 
[6] 


AMOS  H.  VAN  HORN 

his  brother  Edward,  opening  a  small  furniture  repair 
shop  at  the  corner  of  Market  and  the  then  Catherine 
streets.  With  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion,  busi- 
ness became  slack,  and  Mr.  Van  Horn  was  forced  to 
reorganize  his  affairs,  starting  this  time  with  a  sec- 
ond-hand furniture  and  repair  shop  on  what  was  then 
Harrison  street.  Business  prospered  and  still  an- 
other change  was  made  to  larger  quarters  in  the  base- 
ment of  77  Market  street. 

Meanwhile  the  war  had  progressed,  and,  more  and 
more  troops  being  called  for,  Mr.  Van  Horn  volun- 
teered in  Company  A  of  the  Twenty-sixth  Regiment, 
selling  his  business  for  $25.  He  took  part  in  many 
important  battles  and  his  brigade  was  commended  for 
gallantry.  On  June  27,  1863,  he  was  mustered  out  of 
service. 

He  started  in  business  again  in  a  basement  In 
Market  street,  near  Broad,  with  a  capital  of  $200.  He 
prospered  and  extended  the  scope  of  his  trade  after 
a  little  more  than  two  years,  buying  and  remodeling 
the  store  at  73  Market  street,  and  adding  a  three- 
story  extension  in  the  rear.  The  repair  feature  of 
the  work  was  soon  dropped  and  retail  and  wholesale 
trade  in  furniture  and  household  goods  developed. 
The  extension  of  the  business  required  the  erection 
of  several  buildings  in  the  next  fifteen  years,  consist- 
ing of  additions  to  the  original  store  at  73  Market 
street.  In  1893,  Mr.  Van  Horn  branched  out  into  the 
[7] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

storage  and  warehouse  business.  The  following  year 
saw  the  erection  of  a  large  brick  building  on  Camp- 
bell street,  facing  Bank,  with  a  frontage  of  seventy- 
five  feet  on  the  latter.  Subsequently  a  similar  build- 
ing was  erected  on  the  north  side  of  Bank  street,  for 
use  as  a  carpet  cleaning  establishment. 

The  control  of  the  business  was  vested  in  Amos 
H.  Van  Horn,  Limited,  a  stock  company,  Mr.  Van 
Horn  being  president  and  controlling  the  stock 
through  a  large  majority  holding.  In  July,  1906,  the 
old  concern  was  succeeded  by  Cowperthwait  &  Van 
Horn.  With  the  formation  of  this  company  the  con- 
trol passed  out  of  Mr.  Van  Horn's  hands.  He  re- 
mained a  director  and  was  vice-president,  but  his  ac- 
tual stock  holdings  were  small. 

To  accommodate  the  increased  business  of  the  new 
concern,  Mr.  Van  Horn  began  the  erection  of  a  six- 
story  building  at  75  Market  street,  next  door  to  his 
original  store.  It  was  his  wish  to  see  this  structure 
completed.  On  December  5,  1908,  he  turned  over  the 
keys  to  Cowperthwait  &  Van  Horn  and  the  store  was 
opened.  He  took  a  great  interest  in  this  building,  but 
failed  in  the  realization  of  his  desire  to  see  the  tower 
lighted,  a  wish  he  had  often  expressed  to  friends  in 
the  last  few  weeks.  He  was  very  proud  of  the  fact 
that  the  building  was  the  tallest  on  Market  street. 

On  May  8,  1872,  Mr.  Van  Horn  married  Miss  Emma 
Clark  Wilcox,  who  was  two  years  his  junior.  There 
[8] 


AMOS   H.   VAN   HORN 

were  no  children.  For  the  last  twelve  years  Mr. 
Van  Horn  lived  at  88  North  Sixth  street.  Both  he 
and  Mrs.  Van  Horn  were  members  of  St.  Paul's 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  this  city.  At  the 
time  of  his  death  Mr.  Van  Horn  was  a  member  of 
the  Finance  Committee  of  the  Church,  having  been 
a  communicant  there  since  1859.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  Lincoln  Post  No.  11,  G.A.R.,  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Regiment  of  New  Jersey  Volunteer  Veteran 
Association,  the  Newark  Lodge  of  Elks,  the  Knights 
of  Honor,  the  Newark  Board  of  Trade,  the  Lincoln 
Republican  Club,  and  was  a  director  in  the  Franklin 
Savings  Institution  and  director  and  vice-president 
of  Cowperthwait  &  Van  Horn. 

Of  Mr.  Van  Horn's  five  brothers  and  four  sisters 
only  three  are  now  living,  James  Van  Horn,  Minerva 
Jane  Van  Horn  and  Mrs.  Ida  Chapman. 


FROM  MR.  VAN  HORN'S  WILL 

6.  I  desire  that  a  suitable  monument  of  Lincoln 
be  erected  by  my  executors  in  the  City  of  Newark, 
whenever  in  the  best  judgment  of  my  executors,  hav- 
ing due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the  estate  and  to 
the  protection  of  the  interests  of  the  annuitants,  it  may 
be  wise  and  safe  so  to  do,  and  provided  a  monument 
of  Lincoln  shall  not  have  been  erected  or  started  in 
the  City  of  Newark  by  me  or  by  any  other  or  others 
when  the  time  as  above  stated  shall  have  arrived,  I 
expressly  authorize  and  instruct  my  executors  to  take 
from  the  said  trust  fund  the  sum  of  twenty-five  thou- 
sand dollars  and  to  use  the  same  for  the  erection  of 
a  suitable  monument  of  Lincoln  to  be  selected  by 
them  and  to  be  known  as  The  Lincoln  Post  Monu- 
ment, the  same  to  be  erected  in  Lincoln  Park  or  in 
front  of  the  Court  House  in  the  said  City  of  Newark, 
or  on  any  other  plot  of  ground  which  my  executors 
may  select;  the  monument  to  be  dedicated  in  mem- 
ory of  Lincoln  Post  No.  11  G.A.R.,  Department  of 
New  Jersey. 

7.  I  desire  that  a  suitable  monument  of  Washing- 
ton be  erected  by  my  executors  in  the  City  of  Newark 
whenever  in  the  best  judgment  of  my  executors,  hav- 

[11] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

ing  due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the  estate  and  to 
the  protection  of  the  interests  of  the  annuitants,  it 
may  be  wise  and  safe  so  to  do  and  provided  a  monu- 
ment of  Washington  shall  not  have  been  erected 
or  started  in  the  City  of  Newark  by  me  or  by  any 
other  or  others  when  the  time  as  above  stated  shall 
have  arrived.  I  expressly  authorize  and  instruct  my 
executors  to  take  from  the  said  trust  fund  the  sum 
of  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  and  to  use  the  same 
for  the  erection  of  a  suitable  monument  of  Wash- 
ington to  be  selected  by  them  and  to  be  known  as 
The  Washington  Monument,  the  same  to  be  erected 
in  Washington  Park,  in  the  said  City  of  Newark. 

8.  Whereas,  at  the  present  time  a  movement  is 
under  way  to  raise  by  subscription  or  otherwise, 
money  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  monument  to 
the  memory  of  the  Soldiers  and  Sailors,  who  served 
their  country  in  the  Civil  War,  and  funds  for  this 
purpose  are  not  being  obtained  as  readily  as  desired, 
and  as  this  monument  has  always  been  one  of  my 
greatest  desires,  I  expressly  authorize  and  instruct 
my  executors  in  case  no  Soldiers  and  Sailors  Monu- 
ment shall  have  been  erected  by  private  subscription 
or  otherwise,  in  Military  Park  in  the  City  of  New- 
ark, when  the  time  shall  arrive  as  appointed  herein- 
after by  me  for  the  erecting  of  the  same,  to  set  aside 
and  use  the  sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  out 
of  the  proceeds  of  the  trust  fund  specified  hereto- 
[12] 


FROM  THE  VAN  HORN  WILL 

fore,  and  to  use  the  same  for  the  erection  of  a  suit- 
able monument  to  be  selected  by  them,  and  to  be 
known  as  the  Soldiers  and  Sailors  Monument,  the 
same  to  be  erected  in  Military  Park,  in  the  City  of 
Newark,  in  case  the  necessary  permission  of  the 
municipal  authorities  can  be  obtained.  In  the  event 
that  the  permission  of  the  proper  municipal  authori- 
ties cannot  be  obtained  to  place  the  said  monument 
in  Military  Park  in  the  City  of  Newark,  then  and  in 
that  event  the  said  sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars shall  be  and  become  a  part  of  my  residuary  es- 
tate, and  shall  be  disposed  of  as  though  this  provision 
had  not  been  made.  It  is  my  express  desire  that  a 
Soldiers  and  Sailors  Monument  shall  be  erected  in 
Military  Park,  in  the  City  of  Newark,  New  Jersey. 
The  said  sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  is  to  be 
set  aside  and  the  said  monument  to  be  erected  by  my 
executors  whenever  in  their  best  judgment,  having 
due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the  estate  and  to  the 
protection  of  the  interests  of  the  annuitants,  it  may 
be  wise  and  safe  so  to  do,  not  later,  however,  in  any 
event  than  ten  years  from  the  death  of  my  sisters 
Ida  Chapman  and  Minerva  Jane  Van  Horn  and  my 
brother  James  Van  Horn. 


[13] 


REMARKS  OF  MR.  LUM 


IT  was  the  will  of  the  late  Amos  H.  Van  Horn 
that  his  executors  should  cause  to  be  erected  a 
monument  of  Lincoln  which  should  be  dedicated  to 
Lincoln  Post,  No.  11,  Department  of  New  Jersey, 
G.A.R.,  and  should  be  known  as  the  Lincoln  Post 
Monument.  With  the  kind  assistance  of  a  commit- 
tee and  the  co-operation  of  the  Shade  Tree  Com- 
mission, the  work  has  been  brought  to  completion. 

It  was  a  cause  of  keen  regret  to  Mr.  Van  Horn 
that  those  of  this  city  who  gave  so  freely  of  life  and 
property  for  the  preservation  of  our  nation  were  in 
no  fitting  way  commemorated.  May  this  memorial 
of  him,  who  is  perhaps  most  dear  to  the  heart  of 
our  nation,  be  forever  a  reminder  to  posterity  of  the 
lasting  debt  owed  to  Lincoln  and  to  all  who  helped 
in  his  life's  work. 

His  honor,  Mahlon  Pitney,  Chancellor  of  the  State 
of  New  Jersey,  will,  on  behalf  of  the  trustees  of  Mr. 
Van  Horn,  present  to  Lincoln  Post  this  monument 
we  now  unveil. 


CHANCELLOR  PITNEY'S  ADDRESS 

Veterans    of    Lincoln    Post,    Colonel    Roosevelt,    Ladies    and 
Gentlemen: 

IN  accordance  with  the  purpose  expressed  in  the 
last  will  of  Amos  H.  Van  Horn,  this  beautful 
monument  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  erected  with  funds 
provided  by  the  testator,  is  now  to  be  dedicated  to  the 
public  in  memory  of  Lincoln  Post,  No.  11,  G.A.R., 
Department  of  New  Jersey. 

The  generous  and  patriotic  spirit  of  the  donor  is 
so  manifest  in  the  character  of  the  gift  itself,  and 
the  genius  of  tne  sculptor  has  made  the  bronze  so 
eloquent  of  the  spirit  of  the  martyred  President, 
that  there  is  little  need  for  verbal  supplement  or 
emphasis. 

Mr.  Van  Horn  was  a  type  of  the  young  American 
manhood  of  his  time,  from  whose  ranks  the  volun- 
teer armies  of  the  Union  were  recruited.  A  country 
boy,  brought  up  in  a  country  store,  and  migrating 
to  town  for  a  better  opening,  the  outbreak  of  the 
civil  war  found  him  struggling  to  establish  himself 
in  business.  He  joined  the  army,  went  to  the  front, 
bore  his  part  in  the  nation's  service,  and  with  his 
honorable  discharge  returned  to  his  adopted  city  to 
make  a  new,  and  again  a  small,  beginning  in  trade. 
Slowly  at  first,  but  steadily  and  afterwards  surely, 
[17] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

he  progressed,  until  he  had  acquired  a  comfortable 
fortune,  holding  at  all  times  a  secure  place  in 
the  respect  and  esteem  of  the  community.  In  his 
life  career  the  army  service  was,  measured  by  time, 
a  brief  episode.  But  it  left,  in  his  case  as  in  count- 
less others,  a  deep  and  lasting  impress  upon  the 
character  of  the  man.  Army  associations  and  rem- 
iniscences held  a  prominent  place  in  his  thoughts, 
and  a  gathering  of  old  comrades  was  to  him  as  dear 
and  familiar  as  a  home-coming.  He  was  a  charter 
member  of  Lincoln  Post  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic,  and  to  him,  as  to  them,  Abraham  Lincoln 
was  not  merely  President  and  Commander-in-Chief 
— he  was  kind  father  and  comrade. 

It  was  a  cherished  purpose  of  Mr.  Van  Horn's  later 
and  prosperous  years  that  a  suitable  monument  of 
Lincoln  should  be  erected  in  this  city,  dedicated  in 
memory  of  this  Grand  Army  post.  The  donor  was 
a  modest  and  unostentatious  man;  he  would  not 
wish  that  any  eulogy  of  himself  should  be  here 
spoken.  His  message  is  adequately  conveyed  by  the 
silent  bronze. 

The  statue  speaks,  and  will  speak,  to  many  men 
with  many  voices.  One  may  not  confidently  inter- 
pret its  meaning  for  another.  But  to  me,  it  seems 
that  the  artist  has  pictured  the  great  President  alone 
with  his  thoughts,  not  far  removed  from  the  hurry 
and  bustle  of  his  environment,  but  for  the  moment 
[18] 


CHANCELLOR  PITNEY'S  ADDRESS 

undisturbed.  During  a  stroll  along  some  secluded 
path  for  rest  of  the  mind  and  exercise  of  the  body, 
Mr.  Lincoln  has  paused  here  and  seated  himself  in 
unstudied,  negligent  pose.  Even  in  this  moment  of 
abstraction,  some  of  the  manifold  duties  of  office 
obtrude  themselves;  the  sense  of  care,  of  responsi- 
bility, of  burden,  comes  back;  the  problem  of  the 
hour  insistently  claims  attention;  the  lines  upon  the 
face  deepen,  the  pensive  look  comes  into  the  cavern- 
ous eyes;  the  rapt  spirit,  oblivious  of  the  wearied 
frame,  searches  for  the  proper  solution;  as  yet  no 
satisfactory  answer  has  been  found;  but  the  face 
manifests  a  serene  confidence  in  the  ultimate  tri- 
umph of  the  cause  to  which  this  life  is  dedicated, 
founded  upon  the  righteousness  of  that  cause,  the 
good  sense,  patience  and  patriotism  of  his  people, 
the  courage  and  devotion  of  his  soldiers  and  sailors, 
and  the  guidance  of  Divine  Providence. 

We  may  be  sure  that  at  such  a  time  his  thoughts 
reached  out  to  his  beloved  Boys  in  Blue;  that  his 
mind's  eye  recalled  them  as  with  flushed  faces  and 
kindling  glances  they  swarmed  into  Washington, 
responsive  to  his  calls  for  volunteers,  and  singing, 
"We  are  coming,  Father  Abraham,  three  hundred 
thousand  strong";  that  he  followed  them  through 
march  and  campaign  and  battle;  that  he  suffered 
with  them  in  fever  camp  and  in  hospital,  and 
yearned  over  them  in  Libby  and  Anderson ville;  that 
[19] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

his  anxious  regard  went  out  to  the  sick  and  wounded 
veterans  who  so  often  passed  through  Washington 
on  their  way  to  home  and  friends;  that  his  sad- 
dened heart  recalled  the  countless  new-made  graves 
upon  many  a  Southern  hill-side;  and  that  his  pro- 
phetic spirit,  passing  over  the  din  and  turmoil  of  the 
time,  and  the  horrors  of  the  war,  looked  forward  to 
that  day  when  peace  should  once  more  abide,  peace 
with  universal  freedom;  that  he  trusted,  under 
Providence,  to  the  passing  years  to  bind  up  the 
wounds  and  heal  the  broken  hearts;  that  he  may 
have  foreseen  that  the  disbanded  hosts  of  war,  of 
the  Blue  and  also  of  the  Gray,  besides  restoring  a 
great  and  incalculable  force  and  virility  to  the  pro- 
ductive manhood  of  the  nation,  would  perform  even 
a  greater  service  in  lessons  of  self-sacrifice  and  pa- 
triotism taught  to  later  generations;  that  the 
graves  of  the  soldier  and  sailor  dead  throughout  the 
land  would  not  be  forgotten  or  neglected,  and  that 
year  after  year,  on  such  a  day  as  this,  the  surviving 
veterans,  however  depleted  in  numbers  and  advanced 
in  age,  would  gather  to  place  a  wreath  upon  every 
mound. 

So  much  at  least  of  Lincoln's  spirit  seems  to  speak 
out  to  us  from  the  eloquent  bronze.  But  in  that 
simple  and  unstudied  pose,  in  the  calm  gaze  and 
placid  lineaments,  we  detect  no  stirring  of  self- 
consciousness,  and  read  only  the  humble  servant 
[20] 


CHANCELLOR  PITNEY'S  ADDRESS 

and  minister  of  the  people's  power  and  majesty,  who 
little  realized  how  deeply  his  own  strong  and  rugged 
manhood,  his  great  lifework  and  his  martyr  death 
would  impress  themselves  upon  the  people  he  loved 
and  served,  nor  at  all  foresaw  how  literature  and 
art,  pen  and  pencil,  brush  and  camera,  and  chisel 
and  modeling  tool,  would  vie  with  each  other  in 
vivid  and  enduring  portraiture,  so  that  the  com- 
ing generations  until  the  end  should  be  reminded 
of  his  life  and  character,  nobly  representative  of  the 
American  manhood  and  statesmanship  and  patriot- 
ism that  saved  the  Union,  freed  the  slaves  and  re- 
builded  the  nation  upon  lasting  foundations. 

Mr.  Van  Horn's  desire  to  contribute  something  to 
perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  great  Emancipator, 
and  at  the  same  time  establish  a  permanent  memo- 
rial of  that  Grand  Army  Post  which  bears  the  name 
of  Lincoln,  is  now  to  be  realized.  This  beautiful 
bronze,  product  of  the  best  in  plastic  art,  setting 
forth  so  simple  and  yet  intimate  a  view  of  the  mar- 
tyred president's  life,  shall  remain  here,  in  this 
busy  street,  so  fitly  called  the  Market  Street,  near 
to  the  place  where  Amos  H.  Van  Horn  himself  did 
business  and  took  his  toll  of  trade,  and  saw  his  for- 
tune, from  small  beginnings,  grow  with  the  growth 
and  prosperity  of  his  adopted  city — close  by  this 
beautiful  court  house,  inscribed  to  Liberty,  to  Jus- 
tice, and  to  Mercy,  where  property  records  are  kept 
[21] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

and  preserved,  where  human  rights  and  human 
wrongs  are  put  to  the  test  of  judgment  under  the 
law,  and  whither  aliens  of  many  a  race  and  from 
many  a  clime  come  to  abjure  old  allegiances  and  to 
claim  adoption  into  American  citizenship — here 
where  day  by  day  and  year  after  year  the  ever- 
swelling  human  tides  shall  ebb  and  flow,  and  meet 
and  part  again — this  monument  of  Lincoln,  advocate 
and  exemplar  of  government  by  the  people  and  for 
the  people,  shall  stand  as  a  perpetual  reminder  of 
of  his  life  and  its  lessons. 

To  this  public  purpose  it  is  now  dedicated. 


EX-PRESIDENT  ROOSEVELT'S  ADDRESS 

MR.  CHANCELLOR,  comrades,  and  you  men  and 
you,  my  friends  and  men  and  women  of  New 
Jersey,  I  esteem  myself  fortunate  in  being  able  to  be 
here  to-day  and  to  act  as  one  of  those  transferring 
this  noble  gift,  which  is  to  commemorate  not  only 
Abraham  Lincoln,  but  all  the  men  who  dared  and  suf- 
fered and  died  in  the  Civil  War.  And  I  wish  most 
heartily  to  congratulate  the  Post,  and  all  those  con- 
cerned in  acquiring  this  statue,  on  their  wisdom  in 
having  selected  a  sculptor  who  could  embody  the 
soul  of  Abraham  Lincoln  in  his  work.  And  I  would 
like  to  give  one  word  of  advice  to  some  other  Posts 
of  the  G.A.R.  I  hope  they  will  copy  your  example, 
and  when  they  erect  statues  will  choose  sculptors 
able  to  make  statues  worth  erecting.  The  biggest 
man  and  the  biggest  feat  in  our  history  should  be 
commemorated  by  the  very  best  there  is  in  the 
sculptor's  art,  and  that  has  not  always  been  done 
in  the  past. 

When  you  choose  a  soldier  you  do  not  take  him 

because  he  has  good  domestic  qualities;  you  choose 

him  because   he  is   a  good   shot   and   marcher  and 

knows  the  right  way  to  run  when  the  guns  begin 

[23] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

to  sound.  Isn't  that  so?  And  in  the  same  way,  I 
want  you  to  choose  a  sculptor,  because  he  knows 
his  job. 

You  have  done  it,  and  so  you  have  commemorated 
here  in  fit  form  one  of  the  two  greatest  statesmen 
that  this  country  has  ever  had,  one  of  that  very 
limited  number  of  great  men  whose  greatness  is  for 
all  the  world  and  for  all  the  ages. 

There  never  was  a  great  cause  more  absolutely 
embodied  in  a  great  man  than  the  cause  of  union 
and  freedom.  The  cause  of  order  and  liberty,  the 
greatest  of  causes,  was  embodied  in  Abraham  Lin- 
coln. I  speak  in  no  momentary  fervor,  but  as  ex- 
pressing what  I  am  sure  will  be  the  absolute  verdict 
of  history,  when  I  say  that  of  all  the  wars  with 
which  history  deals,  the  verdict  will  be  that  the  war 
in  which  you  men  here  to-day  were  victorious  was 
the  greatest  war  for  justice,  and  was  the  most  just 
of  all  wars,  that  the  world  has  seen  since  history 
began. 

No  other  contest  during  the  time  of  which  we 
have  record,  certainly  no  other  contest  since  civili- 
zation dawned  on  this  earth,  was  as  supremely  im- 
portant to  all  the  nations  of  mankind  as  this. 

I  need  not  say  to  you  men  who  wore  the  blue  that 

I  know  that  I  utter  your  sentiments,  when  I  say  on 

behalf  of  all  of  us  that  I  know  that  our  brothers  of 

to-day,   the   men   whom  you  fought,   who   wore   the 

[24] 


EX-PRESIDENT  ROOSEVELT'S  ADDRESS 

gray,  struggled  with  all  valor  to  do  the  right,  as  it 
was  given  them  to  see  the  right.  I  acknowledge  that 
in  the  fullest  way.  I  am  myself  half  of  southern 
blood.  Kinsfolk  of  mine  wore  the  uniform  of  the 
South  as  others  wore  the  uniform  of  the  North.  I 
acknowledge  that  heartily;  and  yet  I  wish  to  insist, 
with  all  the  strength  that  is  in  me,  that  the  victory 
for  the  Union,  the  victory  won  under  the  lead  of 
Abraham  Lincoln  and  Ulysses  Grant,  was  vital  not 
only  to  the  future  of  this  nation,  but  to  the  future  of 
mankind. 

If  you  had  failed  in  the  Civil  War  it  would  have 
meant  more  than  your  own  failure,  for  it  would  have 
meant  that  nine-tenths,  perhaps  all,  of  what  was 
worth  doing  as  the  result  of  the  Revolutionary  War 
would  have  been  undone. 

If  the  men  of  1776  had  won  freedom,  only  that 
freedom  might  turn  into  an  anarchy  tempered  by 
slavery,  then  their  fight  would  not  have  been  worth 
performing.  The  success  of  you  who  followed  Grant, 
and  Sherman,  and  Thomas,  and  Sheridan,  and  Farra- 
gut — all  of  whom  followed  Lincoln — the  success  of 
you  men  rounded  out  the  work  of  Washington,  and 
made  that  work  worth  doing  from  the  standpoint  of 
ages. 

Ours  was  the  first  experiment  in  popular  govern- 
ment on  a  continental  scale.  Before  our  time  there 
had  been  republics,  but  they  were  either  small  in 
[25] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

territorial  extent,  or,  if  large,  they  lasted  for  but 
a  brief  period  after  the  time  of  their  expansion,  as 
was  true  in  the  case  of  the  Roman  republic.  We 
were  to  prove  by  our  success  or  our  failure  here  on 
this  continent  whether  self-government  by  the  peo- 
ple, for  the  people,  and  of  the  people,  should  be  pos- 
sible, should  continue  on  the  face  of  the  earth. 

You  warred  for  the  Union  of  the  American  people. 
You  warred  for  the  abolition  of  slavery  throughout 
the  whole  world,  for  it  failed  everywhere  if  it  failed 
here.  You  warred  also  for  the  success  of  genuine 
popular  government  throughout  the  continents  and 
the  hemispheres. 

Every  reactionary,  every  despot,  every  believer  in 
oligarchy,  every  man  who  hated  and  despised  democ- 
racy throughout  the  world  wished  you  to  fail;  he 
wished  you  to  fail,  not  that  he  cared  anything  for 
your  opponents,  but  because  he  wished  ill  to  both 
of  you,  because  he  wished  to  see  this  country  become 
helpless  by  war,  a  reproach  among  the  nations  of 
mankind. 

We  here  to-day  owe  the  supreme  debt  that  we  do 
owe  to  these  veterans  of  the  Civil  War,  because 
there  is  not  one  man  of  us  here  who  could  walk 
with  his  head  as  high  as  he  now  carries  it,  if  it  had 
not  been  for  the  deeds  done  by  the  men  of  the  dark 
days  from  '61  to  '65. 

I  believe  with  all  my  heart  in  peace,  and  in  arbitra- 
ge ] 


EX-PRESIDENT  ROOSEVELT'S  ADDRESS 

tion  as  a  means  of  getting  peace,  as  long  as  you  get 
righteousness  with  the  peace.  But  whenever  the 
conflict  comes  between  peace  and  righteousness,  I 
am  loyal  to  the  past  of  the  republic  and  I  stand  for 
righteousness. 

Ordinarily,  peace  is  the  hand-maid  of  righteous- 
ness, but  now  and  then  there  come  occasions,  such 
as  you  faced  in  '61,  where  you  have  to  choose  be- 
tween two  great  and  terrible  alternatives,  where 
neither  choice  is  free  from  dreadful  attending  cir- 
cumstances; but  where,  if  the  nation  has  in  it  the 
qualities  that  fit  it  to  be  a  nation,  it  will  choose  the 
difficult  path  even  if  that  path  leads  to  war  rather 
than  surrender  all  the  things  that  make  a  people 
great  in  history. 

I  wish  to  call  your  attention  to  the  prime  fact  that 
differentiates  this  struggle  of  ours  in  '61,  as  it  differ- 
entiates our  struggle  in  1776,  from  some  other  strug- 
gles that  have  been  undertaken  in  the  name  of  lib- 
erty and  that  have  worked  at  the  best  an  alloy  of 
good  and  evil,  instead  of  working  as  ours  worked  the 
absolute  good  alike  of  the  victor  and  vanquished 
and  of  all  mankind. 

Study  the  speeches  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  study  his 
writings,  and  in  those  speeches  and  writings  you  will 
find  that  he  appeals  ten  times  to  his  fellow  citizens 
in  the  name  of  their  duties,  for  once  that  he  appeals 
to  them  in  the  name  of  their  rights. 
[27] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

And  when  he  considers  himself — search  his  speech- 
es— you  will  hardly  once  find  that  he  speaks  of  his 
own  rights.  But  there  is  not  a  speech  in  which  he 
does  not  dwell  upon  his  duties;  there  is  not  a  speech 
which  does  not  show  that  he  was  thinking  all  the 
time  of  his  duty  and  how  he  should  perform  it. 

That  was  as  true  of  Washington  as  it  was  of  Lin- 
coln. Washington  realized,  as  Lincoln  did,  that  only 
to  insist  upon  our  rights  and  to  fail  to  perform  our 
duties  would  mean  that  we  would  go  down  to  the 
bottomless  gulf  of  national  impotence  and  mischief. 

Contrast  that  with  what  that  great  and  able  body, 
the  Representative  Assembly  that  gathered  to  inau- 
gurate the  French  Revolution  did,  when,  in  1789, 
they  passed  a  bill  of  rights,  but  after  full  debate 
rejected  a  proposal  to  consider  their  duties.  I  do 
not  suppose  that  that  produced  the  horrors  that  fol- 
lowed in  the  French  Revolution;  but  it  was  sympto- 
matic of  the  spirit  that  did  produce  those  horrors. 
They  were  due  to  the  fact  that  those  men  thought 
only  of  their  rights  and  not  of  their  duties,  and  that 
they  spoke  to  the  people  only  of  their  rights  and  not 
of  their  duties  and  feared  to  speak  to  them  of  their 
duties. 

That  is  what  made  the  difference  in  the  outcome 
of  the  French  Revolution  and  of  our  Revolution  and 
our  Civil  War. 

Lincoln  never  appealed  to  his  countrymen  by  ask- 
[28] 


EX-PRESIDENT  ROOSEVELT'S  ADDRESS 

ing  them  to  consider  their  selfish  interests.  If  he 
had,  "My  Captain"  would  never  have  been  written; 
if  he  had,  it  would  never  have  been  read  to-day.  He 
appealed  to  his  countrymen,  ever,  always  to  remem- 
ber their  duties,  to  remember  that  they  had  to  atone 
for  what  the  nation  had  done  and  left  undone  in  the 
past,  and  that,  however  bitter  the  atonement  might 
be,  they  were  to  drink  the  cup  to  the  bottom,  and 
to  say  that  not  their  will  but  the  will  of  the  Lord 
should  be  done,  and  that  His  mercy  and  righteous- 
ness were  perfect. 

Read  Lincoln's  speeches,  read  the  Gettysburg 
speech,  read  the  second  inaugural,  read  the  first  inau- 
gural. They  are  alive  with  the  spirit  of  duty.  The 
invocation  he  makes  is  to  his  countrymen  to  follow 
the  commands  of  Jehovah,  to  live  up  to  the  great 
rules  of  righteousness.  He  never  promises  them  ease. 
He  never  flatters  them.  He  asks  them  to  show 
themselves  worthy  of  the  mighty  men  who  had  gone 
before  them,  and,  above  all,  he  asks  them  not  to 
prove  false  to  their  trust,  to  remember  that  they 
hold  in  their  hands  the  destinies  of  the  future  of 
mankind. 

And  now,  friends,  it  is  a  good  thing  for  us  to  come 
together  to-day  to  commemorate  Abraham  Lincoln; 
to  commemorate  the  deeds  of  the  men  who  half  a 
century  ago  marched  to  battle  for  the  Union  and 
for  the  slaves.  It  is  a  good  thing.  But  it  is  a  mighty 
[29] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

poor  thing  if  we  confine  ourselves  only  to  praising 
the  men  of  the  past  and  do  not  seek  to  emulate  their 
deeds  in  the  present. 

The  true  way  in  which  we,  the  men  and  women 
of  to-day,  can  show  that  we  do  in  our  souls,  and 
not  merely  with  our  lips,  pay  homage  to  the  men  of 
the  mighty  past,  is  to  face  our  work,  our  duties, 
to-day  in  the  spirit  in  which  they  faced  their  duties. 

We  face  no  great  crisis  such  as  you  faced.  Our 
duties  are  easy  and  simple  compared  to  yours.  But 
every  generation  has  its  task,  and  the  generation 
can  well  do  its  task  only  if  it  sets  about  performing 
it  in  the  spirit  in  which  the  great  tasks  of  the  past 
were  done.  It  is  just  as  it  is  in  war.  If  Uncle  Sam's 
people  should  have  to  go  into  battle  in  the  future, 
they  will  go  in  with  different  tactics  from  yours,  but 
they  will  have  to  go  in  with  the  same  spirit  that 
marked  the  men  of  Gettysburg  and  Vicksburg  if 
they  are  to  win. 

We  have  to  beware  of  two  attitudes — the  attitude 
of  failing  to  live  up  to  the  spirit  of  the  past,  and  the 
attitude  of  refusing  to  make  any  changes,  simply  be- 
cause these  changes  were  not  needed  in  the  past. 

If  you  in  '61  had  carried  the  flintlock  of  Washing- 
ton's Continentals  you  would  have  made  a  poor  fist 
of  your  fighting.  If  Uncle  Sam  now  sent  his  boys 
in  khaki  to  war  with  black  powder,  muzzle-loading 
muskets  or  rifles,  they  would  make  a  poor  fist  of  it. 
[30] 


EX-PRESIDENT  ROOSEVELT'S  ADDRESS 

Keep  the  spirit,  and  make  any  changes  necessary  in 
conditions  to  meet  the  changed  conditions.  You  did 
that  in  war.  Let  us  do  it  in  peace.  You  fought  for 
justice  and  liberty;  you  fought  for  justice  as  be- 
tween man  and  man.  We  are  loyal  to  the  spirit  of 
Abraham  Lincoln  only  when  we  try  to  shape  our 
legislation  of  to-day  so  as  to  do  justice  between  man 
and  man;  and  we  cannot  do  it  by  remaining  loyal  to 
the  old  flintlock  type  of  law. 

There  were  excellent  laws  for  the  flintlock  period 
which  were  just  as  good  then  as  the  flintlock  musket 
was  for  the  wars  of  that  period;  but  they  are  out- 
worn now.  We  have  had  a  great  change  in  indus- 
trial conditions.  We  have  to  change  our  laws  and 
therefore  the  spirit  in  which  legislators,  executives 
and  judges  approach  the  construction  of  those  laws. 
We  have  to  change  those  laws  just  as  you  have  to 
change  weapons  from  time  to  time. 

The  spirit  of  the  law  must  be  the  same.  We  must 
have  order  and  we  must  have  justice.  You  cannot 
get  justice  without  order.  The  mob  is  the  negation 
of  liberty;  the  Anarchist  is  a  worse  foe  of  liberty 
than  any  tyrant  can  possibly  be. 

The  murderer,  the  dynamiter,  whether  he  commits 
his  infamy  in  the  name  of  labor  or  of  capital,  is  hos- 
tile to  the  spirit  of  this  republic,  and  whenever  we 
get  the  chance  at  him  we  will  meet  him  as  you  met 
your  foes. 

[31] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

It  is  our  business  to  check  alike  the  arrogant 
greed  of  the  conscienceless  wealthy,  and  the  greedy 
and  murderous  violence  of  the  man  who  attacks 
wealth  in  lawless  fashion;  and  we  must  do  both  or 
we  are  recreant  to  the  spirit  of  Abraham  Lincoln 
and  of  those  who  supported  Abraham  Lincoln  in  his 
work. 

It  is  our  duty  to  try  to  bring  about  a  nearer  ap- 
proximation to  the  reign  of  justice,  of  decency,  of 
fair  dealing  in  the  industrial,  the  social,  the  economic 
and  political  worlds.  We  must  stand  for  clean  poli- 
tics and  clean  business. 

We  must  insist  that  the  wage  worker  gets  his 
rights,  that  he  has  a  chance  to  earn  a  living  wage, 
to  keep  himself,  his  wife  and  his  children  in  decency 
and  comfort  as  American  citizens  should  be  kept. 
It  is  our  business  to  help  him  in  every  legitimate 
way  achieve  those  ends;  and  it  is  also  our  business 
to  put  a  stop  to  murderous  violence  even  if  it  is 
indulged  in  nominally  to  help  achieve  those  ends. 

In  turning  this  statue  over  to  the  Mayor,  on  behalf 
of  this  municipality,  I  ask  that  we  do  now  what 
Abraham  Lincoln  asked  this  people  to  do  forty-eight 
years  ago;  that  we  dedicate  ourselves  as  we  dedicate 
this  monument;  that  we  dedicate  ourselves  to  the 
service  of  the  ideals  for  which  this  man  stood,  and 
that  we  prove  our  faith  in  him  and  his  teachings, 
not  merely  by  praising  him  for  what  he  did  in  facing 
[32] 


EX-PRESIDENT  ROOSEVELT'S  ADDRESS 

the  issues  of  a  buried  past,  but  by  working  in  his 
spirit,  his  spirit  of  love  of  liberty,  of  love  of  justice, 
of  insistence  upon  order  as  the  handmaid  of  liberty 
and  justice;  and  that  we  apply  that  spirit  to  the 
issues  of  the  living  present  as  he  and  you  worked 
in  that  spirit  to  solve  the  issues  of  the  great  and 
buried  past. 


MAYOR  HAUSSLING'S  REMARKS 

Colonel  Roosevelt: — 

IN  accepting  from  your  hand  the  deed  to  this 
splendid  monument,  I  desire  to  convey  to  you 
some  slight  notion  of  the  feeling  of  the  City  of 
Newark  to  you  because  of  your  participation  in  these 
ceremonies.  I  assure  you,  sir,  that  we  feel  honored 
by  your  presence  here  to-day,  and  that  we  shall 
not  forget  the  lessons  which  you  have  drawn  from 
this  occasion  and  so  strikingly  set  before  us. 

And  to  you,  gentlemen,  who  have  so  faithfully  and 
ably  carried  out  the  wishes  of  that  warm-hearted, 
patriotic  veteran,  who  was  so  well  known  to  so 
many  of  us,  I  desire  also  to  convey  a  word  of  appre- 
ciation and  gratitude  on  behalf  of  this  community. 

To  the  members  of  Lincoln  Post  I  would  offer 
the  felicitations  and  congratulations  of  the  city  on 
the  fact  that  this  monument  here  erected  is  at  once 
a  memorial  to  the  great  man  whose  honored  name 
they  bear  and  to  their  own  organization. 

Finally,  to  the  sculptor  I  would  express  Newark's 
appreciation  of  his  wonderful  work.  Those  who  saw 
and  heard  our  first  martyr-President  can  truthfully 
say:  "Here  is  Lincoln,  as  he  was  in  life." 

In  no  city  of  the  country  could  a  statue  of  Lincoln 
[35] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

be  more  appropriately  placed  than  in  Newark.  Those 
of  us  whose  memories  go  back  to  the  dark  days  of 
half  a  century  ago,  can  recall  the  love  which  Newark 
felt  for  Lincoln  and  the  great  sorrow  which  was 
manifested  by  our  people  when  his  body  was  brought 
through  here  after  his  life  had  been  taken  by  the 
assassin's  bullet.  A  city  of  workers,  full  of  the 
"common  people"  whom  he  loved  so  well,  the  affec- 
tion felt  by  our  citizens  was  natural  and  unaffected. 
It  is  not  exaggerating  to  say  that  to  the  great 
mass  of  our  population  he  was  as  an  elder  brother  or 
a  father  as  well  as  an  inspired  leader. 

And  so  I  hope  it  is  to-day.  The  words  which  he 
uttered  come  to  us  with  undiminished  force  after 
the  lapse  of  years.  The  principles  which  he  laid 
down  are  everlasting.  Lincoln  himself  is  still  such 
a  force  in  the  affairs  of  our  country  that  in  a  certain 
sense  such  memorials  as  this  are  not  needed — he 
seems  to  be  still  living  with  us  and  guiding  us. 

Again  expressing  the  gratitude  of  the  City  of 
Newark,  I  accept  this  deed  to  be  kept  as  one  of  the 
choicest  treasures  of  the  community. 


O  CAPTAIN!    MY  CAPTAIN! 

BY  WALT  WHITMAN 

Read  by  Charles  Rann  Kennedy. 

O  Captain!  my  Captain!  our  fearful  trip  is  done, 
The   ship  has   weather'd   every  rack,   the   prize   we 

sought  is  won, 
The  port  is  near,  the  bells  I  hear,  the  people  all 

exulting, 

While  follow  eyes  the  steady  keel,  the  vessel  grim 
and  daring; 

But   O   heart!    heart!    heart! 
O  the  bleeding  drops  of  red, 
Where  on  the  deck  my  Captain  lies, 
Fallen  cold  and  dead. 

O  Captain!  my  Captain!  rise  up  and  hear  the  bells; 
Rise  up — for  you  the  flag  is  flung — for  you  the  bugle 

trills, 
For  you  bouquets  and  ribbon'd  wreaths — for  you  the 

shore's  a-crowding, 

For  you  they  call,  the  swaying  mass,  their  eager  faces 
turning; 

Here  Captain!  dear  father! 
This  arm  beneath  your  head! 
It  is  some  dream  that  on  the  deck, 
You've  fallen  cold  and  dead. 
[37] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

My  Captain  does  not  answer,  his  lips  are  pale  and 

still, 
My  father  does  not  feel  my  arm,  he  has  no  pulse  nor 

will. 
The  ship  is  anchor'd  safe  and  sound,  its  voyage  closed 

and  done, 

From  fearful  trip  the  victor  ship  comes  in  with  object 
won; 

Exult  O  shores,  and  ring  O  bells! 
But  I,  with  mournful  tread, 
Walk  the  deck  my  Captain  lies, 
Fallen  cold  and  dead. 


APPENDIX 


AUTOBIOGRAPHY 
OF  ABRAHAM  LINCOLN 


The  following  autobiography  was  written  by  Mr.  Lincoln's 
own  hand  at  the  request  of  J.  W.  Fell,  of  Springfield,  111., 
December  20.  1859.  In  the  note  which  accompanied  it  the 
writer  says :  "Herewith  is  a  little  sketch,  as  you  requested. 
There  is  not  much  of  it,  for  the  reason,  I  suppose,  that 
there  is  not  much  of  me." 

"I  was  born  February  12,  1809,  in  Hardin  Co.,  Ky. 
My  parents  were  both  born  in  Virginia,  of  undistin- 
guished families — second  families,  perhaps  I  should 
say.  My  mother,  who  died  in  my  tenth  year,  was  of 
a  family  of  the  name  of  Hanks,  some  of  whom  now 
reside  in  Adams  Co.,  and  others  in  Mason  Co.,  111. 
My  paternal  grandfather,  Abraham  Lincoln,  emigrat- 
ed from  Rockingham  Co.,  Va.,  to  Kentucky,  about 
1781  or  1782,  where,  a  year  or  two  later,  he  was 
killed  by  Indians,  not  in  battle,  but  by  stealth,  when 
he  was  laboring  to  open  a  farm  in  the  forest.  His 
ancestors,  who  were  Quakers,  went  to  Virginia  from 
Berks  Co.,  Pa.  An  effort  to  identify  them  with  the 
New  England  family  of  the  same  name  ended  in  noth- 
ing more  definite  than  a  similarity  of  Christian  names 
in  both  families,  such  as  Enoch,  Levi,  Mordecai,  Solo- 
mon, Abraham,  and  the  like. 
[41] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

"My  father,  at  the  death  of  his  father,  was  but  six 
years  of  age,  and  grew  up  literally  without  any  edu- 
cation. He  removed  from  Kentucky  to  what  is  now 
Spencer  Co.,  Ind.,  in  my  eighth  year.  We  reached  our 
new  home  about  the  time  the  State  came  into  the 
Union.  It  was  a  wild  region,  with  many  bears  and 
other  wild  animals  still  in  the  woods.  There  I  grew 
up.  There  were  some  schools,  so-called,  but  no  quali- 
fication was  ever  required  of  a  teacher  beyond  'read- 
in','  'writiny  and  'cipherinY  to  the  rule  of  three.  If 
a  straggler,  supposed  to  understand  Latin,  happened 
to  sojourn  in  the  neighborhood,  he  was  looked  upon 
as  a  wizard.  There  was  absolutely  nothing  to  ex- 
cite ambition  for  education.  Of  course,  when  I  came 
of  age  I  did  not  know  much.  Still,  somehow,  I  could 
read,  write,  and  cipher  to  the  rule  of  three,  but  that 
was  all.  I  have  not  been  to  school  since.  The  little 
advance  I  now  have  upon  this  store  of  education  I 
have  picked  up  from  time  to  time  under  the  pressure 
of  necessity. 

"I  was  raised  to  farm  work,  at  which  I  continued 
till  I  was  twenty-two.  At  twenty-one  I  came  to  Il- 
linois, and  passed  the  first  year  in  Macon  County. 
Then  I  got  to  New  Salem,  at  that  time  in  Sangamon, 
now  Menard  County,  where  I  remained  a  year  as  a 
sort  of  clerk  in  a  store.  Then  came  the  Black  Hawk 
War,  and  I  was  elected  a  captain  of  volunteers — a 
success  which  gave  me  more  pleasure  than  any  I 
[42] 


ABRAHAM    LINCOLN'S    AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 

have  had  since.  I  went  into  the  campaign,  was 
elected,  ran  for  the  Legislature  the  same  year  (1832), 
and  was  beaten — the  only  time  I  have  ever  been 
beaten  by  the  people.  The  next,  and  three  succeed- 
ing biennial  elections  I  was  elected  to  the  Legisla- 
ture. I  was  not  a  candidate  afterward.  During  the 
legislative  period  I  had  studied  law,  and  removed 
to  Springfield  to  practice  it  In  1846,  I  was  elected  to 
the  Lower  House  of  Congress.  Was  not  a  candidate 
for  re-election.  From  1849  to  1854,  both  inclusive, 
practiced  law  more  assiduously  than  ever  before. 
Always  a  Whig  in  politics,  and  generally  on  the  Whig 
electoral  ticket,  making  active  canvasses.  I  was 
losing  interest  in  politics  when  the  repeal  of  the  Mis- 
souri Compromise  aroused  me  again.  What  I  have 
done  since  then  is  pretty  well  known. 

"If  any  personal  description  of  me  is  thought  de- 
sirable, it  may  be  said  I  am  in  height  six  feet  four 
inches,  nearly;  lean  in  flesh,  weighing,  on  an  average, 
one  hundred  and  eighty  pounds;  dark  complexion, 
with  coarse  black  hair  and  gray  eyes— no  other  marks 
or  brands  recollected. 

"Yours  very  truly, 

A.  Lincoln." 


ABRAHAM   LINCOLN 

RICHARD  HENRY  STODDARD 

This   man   whose   homely   face   you   look   upon, 

Was  one  of  Nature's  masterful,  great  men; 

Born  with  strong  arms,  that  unfought  battles  won, 

Direct  of  speech,  and  cunning  with  the  pen. 

Chosen  for  large  designs,  he  had  the  art 

Of  winning  with  his  humor,  and  he  went 

Straight  to  his  mark,  which  was  the  human  heart; 

Wise,  too,  for  what  he  could  not  break  he  bent. 

Upon  his  back  a  more  than  Atlas-load, 

The  burden  of  the  Commonwealth,  was  laid; 

He  stooped,  and  rose  up  to  it,  though  the  road 

Shot  suddenly  downwards,  not  a  whit  dismayed. 

Hold,  warriors,  councillors,  kings !    All  now  give  place 

To  this  dead  Benefactor  of  the  race! 


TO  THE  MEMORY 
OF  ABRAHAM  LINCOLN 

BY  WILLIAM  CULLEN  BRYANT  [1865] 

O,  slow  to  smite  and  swift  to  spare, 

Gentle  and  merciful  and  just! 
Who,  in  the  fear  of  God,  didst  bear 

The  sword  of  power — a  nation's  trust. 

In  sorrow  by  thy  bier  we  stand, 
Amid  the  awe  that  hushes  all, 

And  speak  the  anguish  of  a  land 
That  shook  with  horror  at  thy  fall. 

Thy  task  is  done — the  bond  are  free; 

We  bear  thee  to  an  honored  grave, 
Whose  noblest  monument  shall  be 

The  broken  fetters  of  the  slave. 

Pure  was  thy  life;  its  bloody  close 

Hath  placed  thee  with  the  sons  of  light, 

Among  the  noble  host  of  those 

Who  perished  in  the  cause  of  right. 


ABRAHAM  LINCOLN 

Foully  Assassinated  April  14,  1865 
BY  TOM  TAYLOR  (Mark  Lemon) 

In  London   Punch. 
You  lay  a  wreath  on  murdered  Lincoln's  bier, 

You,  who  with  mocking  pencil  wont  to  trace, 
Broad  for  the  self-complacent  British  sneer, 

His  length  of  shambling  limb,  his  furrowed  face, 

His  gaunt,  gnarled  hands,  his  unkempt,  bristling  hair, 
His  garb  uncouth,  his  bearing  ill  at  ease, 

His  lack  of  all  we  prize  as  debonair, 
Of  power  or  will  to  shine,  of  art  to  please; 

You  whose  smart  pen  backed  up  the  pencil's  laugh, 
Judging  each  step  as  though  the  way  were  plain; 

Reckless,  so  it  could  point  its  paragraph, 
Of  chief's  perplexity,  or  people's  pain: 

Beside  this  corpse,  that  bears  for  winding-sheet 
The  Stars  and  Stripes  he  lived  to  rear  anew, 

Between  the  mourners  at  his  head  and  feet, 
Say,  scurrile  jester,  is  there  room  for  you? 

Yes;  he  had  lived  to  shame  me  from  my  sneer, 
To  lame  my  pencil,  and  confute  my  pen:  — 

To  make  me  own  this  man  of  princes  peer, 
This  rail-splitter  a  true-born  king  of  men. 
[46] 


ABRAHAM    LINCOLN 

My  shallow  judgment  I  had  learned  to  rue, 
Noting  how  to  occasion's  height  he  rose; 

How  his  quaint  wit  made  home-truth  seem  more  true; 
How,  iron-like,  his  temper  grew  by  blows. 

How  humble,  yet  how  hopeful  he  could  be; 

How  in  good  fortune  and  in  ill,  the  same; 
Nor  bitter  in  success,  nor  boastful  he, 

Thirsty  for  gold,  nor  feverish  for  fame. 

He  went  about  his  work, — such  work  as  few 
Ever  had  laid  on  head  and  heart  and  hand,— 

As  one  who  knows,  where  there's  a  task  to  do, 
Man's  honest  will  must  heaven's  good  grace  com- 
mand; 

Who  trusts  the  strength  will  with  the  burden  grow, 
That  God  makes  instruments  to  work  His  will, 

If  but  that  will  we  can  arrive  to  know, 
Nor  tamper  with  the  weights  of  good  and  ill. 

So  he  went  forth  to  battle,  on  the  side 
That  he  felt  clear  was  Liberty's  and  Right's, 

As  in  his  peasant  boyhood  he  had  plied 

His  warfare  with  rude  Nature's  thwarting  mights,— 

The  uncleared  forest,  the  unbroken  soil, 
The  iron-bark,  that  turns  the  lumberer's  axe, 

The   rapid,   that   o'erbears   the   boatsman's   toil, 
The  prairie,  hiding  the  mazed  wanderer's  tracks, 
[47] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

The  ambushed  Indian,  and  the  prowling  bear;  — 
Such  were  the  deeds  that  helped  his  youth  to  train: 

Rough  culture, — but  such  trees  large  fruit  may  bear, 
If  but  their  stocks  be  of  right  girth  and  grain. 

So  he  grew  up,  a  destined  work  to  do, 
And  lived  to  do  it:  four  long  suffering  years, 

Ill-fate,  ill-feeling,  ill-report,  lived  through, 
And  then  he  heard  the  hisses  change  to  cheers. 

The  taunts  to  tribute,  the  abuse  to  praise, 
And  took  both  with  the  same  unwavering  mood: 

Till,  as  he  came  on  light,  from  darkling  days, 
And  seem  to  touch  the  goal  from  where  he  stood, 

A  felon  hand,  between  the  goal  and  him, 

Reached  from  behind  his  back,  a  trigger  prest,— 

And  those  perplexed  and  patient  eyes  were  dim, 
Those  gaunt,  long-laboring  limbs  were  laid  to  rest! 

The  words  of  mercy  were  upon  his  lips, 
Forgiveness  in  his  heart  and  on  his  pen, 

When  this  vile  murderer  brought  swift  eclipse 
To  thought  of  peace  on  earth,  good-will  to  men. 

The  Old  World  and  the  New,  from  sea  to  sea, 
Utter  one  voice  of  sympathy  and  shame! 

Sore  heart,  so  stopped  when  it  at  last  beat  high; 
Sad  life,  cut  short  just  as  its  triumph  came. 
[48] 


ABRAHAM    LINCOLN 

A  deed  accurst!     Strokes  have  been  struck  before 
By  the  assassin's  hand,  whereof  men  doubt 

If  more  of  horror  or  disgrace  they  bore; 
But  thy  foul  crime,  like  Cain's,  stands  darkly  out. 

Vile  hand,  that  brandest  murder  on  a  strife, 
Whate'er  its  grounds,  stoutly  and  nobly  striven; 

And  with  the  martyr's  crown  crownest  a  life 
With  much  to  praise,  little  to  be  forgiven. 


THE  UNFINISHED  WORK 

BY  JOSEPH  FULFORD  FOLSOM 

The  crowd  was  gone,  and  to  the  side 
Of  Borglum's  Lincoln,  deep  in  awe, 

I  crept.    It  seem'd  a  mighty  tide 
Within  those  aching  eyes  I  saw. 

"Great  heart,"  I  said,  "why  grieve  alway? 

The  battle's  ended,  and  the  shout 
Shall  ring  forever  and  a  day, — 

Why  sorrow  yet,  or  darkly  doubt?" 

"Freedom,"  I  plead,  "so  nobly  won 
For  all  mankind,  and  equal  right, 

Shall  with  the  ages  travel  on 
Till  time  shall  cease,  and  day  be  night." 

No  answer — then;   but  up  the  slope, 
With  broken  gait,  and  hands  in  clench, 

A  toiler  came,  bereft  of  hope, 
And  sank  beside  him  on  the  bench. 


THE  LINCOLN  STATUE 
BY  W.  F.  COLLINS 

A  man  who  drew  his  strength  from  all 

Because  of  all  a  part; 
He  led   with  wisdom  for  he   knew 

The  common  heart. 

Its  hopes,  its  fears  his  eye  discerned, 

And,  reading,  he  could  share. 
Its  griefs  were  his,  its  burdens  were 

For  him  to  bear. 

Its  faith  that  wrong  must  some  time  yield, 

That  right  is  ever  right, 
Sustained  him  in  the  saddest  hour, 

The  darkest  night. 

In  patient  confidence  he  wrought, 

The  people's  will  his  guide, 
Nor  brought  to  his  appointed  task 

The  touch  of  pride. 

The   people's  man,  familiar  friend, 

Shown  by  the  sculptor's  art 
As  one  who  trusted,  one  who  knew 

The  common  heart. 

[51] 


ABRAHAM  LINCOLN 

BY  GOLDWIN  SMITH 

Abraham  Lincoln  is  assuredly  one  of  the  marvels 
of  history.  No  land  but  America  has  produced  his 
like.  This  destined  chief  of  a  nation  in  its  most 
perilous  hour  was  the  son  of  a  thriftless  and  wan- 
dering settler.  He  had  a  strong  and  eminently  fair 
understanding,  with  great  powers  of  patient  thought, 
which  he  cultivated  by  the  study  of  Euclid.  In  all 
his  views  there  was  the  simplicity  of  his  character. 
Both  as  an  advocate  and  as  a  politician  he  was 
"Honest  Abe."  As  an  advocate  he  would  throw  up 
his  brief  when  he  knew  that  his  case  was  bad.  He 
said  himself  that  he  had  not  controlled  events,  but 
had  been  guided  by  them.  To  know  how  to  be 
guided  by  events,  however,  if  it  is  not  imperial  genius, 
is  practical  wisdom.  Lincoln's  goodness  of  heart,  his 
sense  of  duty,  his  unselfishness,  his  freedom  from 
vanity,  his  long  suffering,  his  simplicity,  were  never 
disturbed  either  by  power  or  by  opposition.  To  the 
charge  of  levity  no  man  could  be  less  open.  Though 
he  trusted  in  Providence,  care  for  the  public  and 
sorrow  for  the  public  calamities  filled  his  heart  and 
sat  visibly  upon  his  brow.  His  State  papers  are  ex- 
cellent, not  only  as  public  documents,  but  as  compo- 
[52] 


ABRAHAM    LINCOLN 

sitions,  and  are  distinguished  by  their  depth  of 
human  feeling  and  tenderness,  from  those  of  other 
statesmen.  He  spoke  always  from  his  own  heart  to 
the  heart  of  the  people.  His  brief  funeral  oration 
over  the  graves  of  those  who  had  fallen  in  the  war 
is  one  of  the  gems  of  the  language. 


LINCOLN'S  CHARACTER 

BY  GUTZON  BORGLUM 

As  a  great  human  being,  quite  apart  from  his  place 
as  a  great  political  figure,  Abraham  Lincoln  holds, 
without  question,  the  first  place  in  the  hearts  of  the 
people.  His  was  the  regular  heartbeat  of  the  soul 
of  his  race,  of  men  who  build  homes  and  nations. 
He  seemed  to  be  the  unexpressed  conscience  of  all 
whose  life  was  touched  with  fine  ideals.  Born  in 
the  wilderness,  suckled  by  poor  and  almost  forgotten 
Nancy  Hanks,  orphaned  at  ten,  he  tells  us  that  all 
he  ever  hoped  to  be,  he  owed  to  her — his  mother. 

Unschooled,  he  ground  and  reground,  drilled  and 
shaped  himself  against  the  poor  influences  he 
was  nurtured  in,  and  rose  from  rail-splitter  to 
store  clerk,  law  student,  lawyer,  legislator,  and 
president — all  in  a  period  of  thirty  years.  Those 
thirty  years  are  laden  with  the  simple  acts  of  a 
simple  but  exalted  human  being;  bent  upon  doing 
well  and  honestly,  without  fear  or  favor,  the  daily 
work  as  it  was  given  to  him  to  do. 

Abraham  Lincoln  said  he  knew  no  great  men!  He 
said  he  had  never  met  any  he  knew,  and  said  that 
to  do  well  the  work  before  us  was  the  only  way  to 
[54] 


LINCOLN'S   CHARACTER 

greatness,  and  upon  this  high-way  opportunity  might 
come.  Lincoln  built  within  himself  a  pinnacle  of 
rectitude  upon  which  he  knew  he  could  rely, 
founded  upon  the  great  lesson  yesterday  gives  to 
each.  Lincoln's  yesterdays,  spent  wherever  the  day's 
work  carried  him,  lived  simply  and  genuinely,  made 
him  the  soundest,  sanest  man  of  his  time,  and  he 
neither  deceived  nor  suffered  deception  to  enter  into 
the  business  of  statecraft.  It  was  and  is  this  human 
attitude  in  Lincoln  that  has  seemed  to  me  the  neces- 
sary, the  inevitable  spirit  a  sculptor,  painter,  or 
historian  must  convey,  if  he  wants  the  great 
Emancipator  to  live  and  relive,  and  appear  as  one 
with  the  people  as  he  was  in  life. 

It  was  this  and  mainly  this  that  I  felt  I  must  get 
into  the  bronze  portrait  of  him.  If  my  figure  of  him, 
occupying  but  a  part  of  a  simple  bench,  unposed,  un- 
conscious of  the  presence  of  another,  gives  to  the 
chance  passer-by  any  of  his  great  spirit,  then  the 
work  is  a  success;  then  it  accomplishes  its  purpose; 
then  it  retains  and  keeps  before  the  eye  the  reality 
letters  tell  so  much  of.  If  it  fails  to  do  this,  no 
matter  how  well  executed,  it  cannot  endure.  Art 
does  not  exist  for  itself,  it  is  but  an  avenue  through 
and  by  which  humanity  expresses  itself. 

To  posterity  one  historical  character  is,  as  a 
physical  fact,  not  different  from  another.  It  is  no 
longer  remembered  that  Johnson  was  near-sighted, 
[55] 


THE    NEWARK   LINCOLN 

Franklin  fat,  Hamilton  small,  Napoleon  less  than 
five  feet  and  Washington  nearly  Lincoln's  height. 
Few  know  this  and  none  need  know;  it  is  of  no  con- 
sequence. But  the  individual  characteristics  of  each, 
their  ways,  manners  that  must  have  crept  into  every 
act  characteristic  of  each — how  precious  would  not 
such  studies  be! 

As  far  as  sculpture  permits,  I  have  tried  to  give 
to  posterity,  in  a  true,  unstudied  picture  of  this  great 
human  being,  a  glimpse  of  possibly  the  best  loved 
man  in  our  national  history,  as  he  might  sit,  quite 
alone,  unposed  by  artist  or  sculptor,  free  from  the 
artifice  with  which  art  too  often  falsely  clothes  our 
great  characters  and  thereby  fails  to  give  that  per- 
sonal note  of  manner,  attitude  and  movement — the 
only  means  an  artist  has  of  conveying  the  soul  of 
a  man. 


THE  BEAUTY  OF  LINCOLN 

BY  GUTZON  BORGLUM 

His  face  was  large  in  its  simple  masses.  Na- 
ture seems  to  have  intended  him  to  be  ten  or 
twelve  feet  in  height,  and  as  he  failed  to  grow  to 
that,  the  free  skin  settled  back  to  fit  the  natural 
man.  His  head  was  normal  in  size,  his  forehead 
high,  regular,  and  classical  in  shape.  He  was  wide 
through  the  temples;  his  brow  projected  like  a  cliff. 
The  hollow  of  the  eye  was  large  and  deep,  and  the 
eye  seemed  to  lie  in  a  kind  of  ravine;  it  would  hard- 
ly have  been  preceptible  if  you  had  passed  your  hand 
over  the  ball.  His  cheek  bones  were  not  high;  they 
seemed  high  because  of  the  care-worn  flesh  that 
shrank  sharply  beneath.  Below  this,  again,  the  face 
lost  the  splendid  regularity  of  the  upper  part.  His 
eyebrows  were  very  strong,  and  hung  over  his  face 
like  the  huge  cornice  of  a  mountain  bungalow.  His 
mouth  was  not  coarse  nor  heavy. 

The  storm  center  of  Lincoln's  face  was  about  his 
right  eye.  He  would  peer  out  at  you  for  an  instant 
with  this  right  eye  half  closed;  then  would  follow 
that  uplift  of  his  head  and  the  receptive  expression 
that  was  so  generally  misread  as  bewilderment,  hesi- 
tancy and  indecision. 

[57] 


THE    NEWARK   LINCOLN 

The  mirth  center  was  also  in  the  right  eye.  The 
eye  always  gives  the  first  evidence  of  humor  in  a 
merry  soul;  and  Lincoln,  I  believe,  had  naturally 
a  merry  soul.  But  sadness  changed  this,  and  I 
found  evidence  that  he  smiled  very,  very  often  with 
his  mouth  alone  when  his  nature  took  no  part  in  it. 
It  was  the  saddest  feature  that  he  had.  and  yet  about 
the  right  corner  there  always  lingered  a  little  mem- 
ory of  a  smile. 

You  will  find  written  on  his  face  literally  all  the 
complexity  of  his  great  nature — a  nature  seeing  at 
once  the  humor  and  the  pathos  of  each  situation  as 
it  presents  itself  to  him.  You  see  half  smile,  half 
sadness;  half  anger,  half  forgiveness;  half  determin- 
ation, half  pause;  a  mixture  of  expression  that  drew 
accurately  the  middle  course  he  would  follow — read 
wrongly  by  both  sides.  We  see  a  dual  nature 
struggling  with  a  dual  problem,  delivering  a  single 
result. 

He  was  more  deeply  rooted  in  the  home  principles 
that  are  keeping  us  together  than  any  man  who  was 
ever  asked  to  make  his  heartbeat  national — the  first 
great  human  return  from  the  West — too  great  to  be- 
come president,  except  by  the  extraordinary  combi- 
nation of  circumstances  then  existing. 


CHRONOLOGY  OF  LINCOLN'S  LIFE 

FROM  ABRAHAM  LINCOLN 
BY  BRAND  WHITLOCK 

Published  by  Small,  Maynwd  &  Co.,  Boston,  1909. 
1809,  February  12.    Abraham  Lincoln  was  born  on  the 
Big  South  Fork  of  Nolin  Creek,  in  Hardin,  now  LaRue 
County,  Kentucky. 

1816.  Removed  with  his  parents  to  Indiana,  settling 
on  Little  Pigeon  Creek,  near  Gentryville,  Spencer 
County. 

1818.  Nancy  Hanks  Lincoln,  his  mother,  died. 

1819.  His  father  married  Sarah  Bush  Johnston. 
1828.    Went  to  New  Orleans  on  a  flatboat. 

1830.  The  Lincolns  went  to  Illinois,  settling  near 
Decatur,  Macon  County. 

Abraham  split  the  historic  rails. 

1831.  Went  to  New  Orleans  on  flatboat. 

July.  Went  to  New  Salem,  Sangamon  County.  Clerk 
in  store. 

1832.  March.    Announced  himself  candidate  for  legis- 
lature. 

Captain  in  Black  Hawk  War. 

July.    Mustered  out. 

August.    Defeated  for  election. 

1833.  Engaged  in  business  with  Berry.     Began  to 
study  law. 

The  firm  of  Lincoln  &  Berry  failed. 
[59] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

May.  Postmaster  of  New  Salem.  Deputy  surveyor  of 
Sangamon  County. 

1834.  Again  candidate  for  legislature,  and  elected. 

1835.  Was  at  Vandalia  as   member  of  legislature. 
Met  Stephen  A.  Douglas.     Fell  in  love  with  Anne 
Rutledge,  who  died.    Was  plunged  into  melancholia. 

1836.  Love  affair  with  Mary  Owens. 

Re-elected  to  legislature.  Leader  of  "Long  Nine." 
Worker  for  Internal  Improvement  bubble,  and  suc- 
ceeded in  having  State  capital  removed  to  Spring- 
field. 

Protested  against  resolutions  condemning  abolition- 
ism. 
Admitted  to  the  bar. 

1837.  Settled    in    Springfield,    forming    partnership 
with  John  T.  Stuart. 

1838.  Re-elected  to  legislature.    Minority  candidate 
for  Speaker. 

1840.  Candidate   for   Presidential   elector   on   Whig 
ticket.     Stumped  the  State  for  Harrison.     Had  en- 
counters with  Douglas. 

Re-elected  to  legislature,  and  again  minority  candi- 
date for  Speaker. 

1841.  He  and  Douglas  rivals  for  hand  of  Mary  Todd. 
Engagement  with  Mary  Todd  broken.    Ill  and  almost 
deranged.    Visited  his  friend  Joshua  Speed  in  Ken- 
tucky. 

Challenged  to  a  duel  by  James  T.  Shields. 
[60] 


CHRONOLOGY   OF  LINCOLN'S   LIFE 

April    14.     Formed    law    partnership    with    Judge 

Stephen  T.  Logan. 

Refused  Whig  nomination  for  governor. 

1842,  November  4.    Married  to  Mary  Todd. 

1843,  September  20.     Formed  law  partnership  with 
William  H.  Herndon. 

1844,  Candidate  for  Presidential  elector  on  Whig 
ticket,  and  stumped  Illinois  and  Indiana  for  Henry 
Clay. 

1846.  Elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  over  Peter 
Cartwright. 

1847.  In  Congress.     Introduced  famous  "Spot"  Re- 
solutions. 

1848.  Presidential    elector    on    Whig    ticket,    and 
stumped  New  England  for  Taylor. 

December.  Attended  second  session  of  the  Thirtieth 
Congress.  Voted  for  Wilmot  Proviso  and  Ashmun's 
amendment.  Introduced  bill  abolishing  slavery  in 
District  of  Columbia. 

Sought  appointment  as  commissioner  of  General 
Lands  Office,  and  failed. 

Declined  appointment  as  Territorial  Governor  of 
Oregon. 

Went  back  to  Springfield,  disappointed  and  disillu- 
sioned. 

1849.  Practiced  law  on  old  Eighth  Judicial  Circuit  of 
Illinois. 

1852.    Campaigned  for  Scott. 
[61] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

1854,  Roused  by  repeal  of  Missouri  Compromise  and 
passage  of  Kansas-Nebraska  bill. 

Attacked  Douglas's  position. 

November.    Elected  to  legislature  against  his  will. 

1855,  January.    Resigned  from  legislature  to  become 
candidate  for  United  States  senator. 

February.    Defeated  for  United  States  senator. 

1856,  May  29.     Spoke   at  Bloomington   Convention, 
which  organized  the  Republican  party  in  Illinois. 
Received  110  votes  for  Vice-President  in  Republican 
Convention  at  Philadelphia.    Candidate  for  Presiden- 
tial elector  on  Republican   ticket,  and   campaigned 
for  Fremont. 

Attacked  Douglas's  position. 

1858,  June  16.    Nominated  for  United  States  Senate 
by  Republicans  in  State  Convention. 

July  24.    Challenged  Douglas  to  joint  debate. 
Great  debate  with  Douglas. 

Carried  Illinois  for  Republicans  on  popular  vote,  but 
lost  a  majority  of  the  legislative  districts. 

1859,  January.    Defeated  for  Senate  by  Douglas  be- 
fore Legislature. 

Spoke  that  fall  in  Ohio,  and  in  December  in  Kansas. 

1860,  February   27.     Delivered   notable   address    at 
Cooper  Institute,  New  York. 

Spoke  also  in  New  England. 

May  9.    Named  by  Illinois  Convention  at  Decatur  as 
"Rail"  candidate  for  President. 
[62] 


CHRONOLOGY   OF  LINCOLN'S   LIFE 
May  16.    Nominated  for  President  by  Republicans  at 
Chicago. 
November.    Elected. 

1861,  February  11.    Left  Springfield  for  Washington. 
March  4.    Inaugurated  as  President. 

April  13.    Fall  of  Fort  Sumter. 

April  15.    Issued  call  for  volunteers,  and  convened 

Congress  in  extraordinary  session  for  July  4. 

July  21.    Battle  of  Bull  Run. 

July  25.    Appointed  McClellan  to  command  Army  of 

Potomac. 

November  1.    Appoint  McClellan  commander-in-chief, 

under  the  President,  of  all  armies. 

December  3.    Message  to  Congress. 

December  25.    Ordered  the  return  of  Mason  and  Sli 

dell,  captured  Commissioners  of  the  Confederacy,  and 

averted  war  with  England. 

1862,  January    13.     Appointed    Edwin    M.   Stanton, 
Secretary  of  War. 

Sent   special   message    to   Congress,   recommending 
gradual  compensated  emancipation  of  slaves. 
July  11.    Appointed  Halleck  general-in-chief. 
September  22.     Issued  preliminary  proclamation  of 
emancipation  after  battle  of  Antietam. 
December.     Message  to  Congress  again  urging  grad- 
ual compensated  emancipation. 

Superseded  McClellan  in  command  of  Army  of  the 
Potomac  by  Burnside. 

[63] 


THE    NEWARK    LINCOLN 

December  13.    Burnside  defeated  at  Fredericksburg. 

1863,  January  1.    Issued  Emancipation  Proclamation. 
January  26.    Appointed  Hooker  to  succeed  Burnside. 
May  2.    Hooker  lost  battle  of  Chancellorsville. 
June  27.    Appointed  Meade  to  succeed  Hooker. 
July  1-4.    Battle  of  Gettysburg. 

July  4.    Fall  of  Vicksburg. 

September  19-20.    Battle  of  Chickamauga. 

November  19.    Delivered  address  at  dedication  of  the 

National  Cemetery  on  the  battlefield  of  Gettysburg. 

November    24-25.    Grant    won    battles    of    Lookout 

Mountain  and  Missionary  Ridge. 

December  8.    Message  to  Congress  and  Proclamation 

of  Amnesty. 

1864,  March  3.    Commissioned  Grant  lieutenant-gen- 
eral and  placed  him  in  command  of  all  the  armies. 
June  7.    Renominated  for  President  by  Republican 
National  Convention  at  Baltimore. 

August  23.    Had  premonition  of  defeat. 
November  8.    Re-elected. 

1865,  February  1.     Hampton  Roads  Peace  Conference 
with  Confederate  Commissioners. 

March  4.    Inaugurated  as  President  a  second  time. 
March  22.    Visited  Grant  at  City  Point. 
April  4.     Entered  Richmond. 

April  14.     Shot  in  Ford's  Theatre  at  10.20  o'clock  in 
the  evening. 

April  15.    Died  at  7.22  o'clock  in  the  morning. 
May  4.    Buried  in  Springfield. 
[64] 


